The Somnath Temple, located in Prabhas Patan near Veraval in Gujarat, is one of the most revered and ancient shrines dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is the first of the 12 Jyotirlingas, considered the holiest of Shiva temples. The temple’s name, Somnath, means ‘Lord of the Moon,’ it is associated with a rich history and deep spiritual significance.
Historical Significance
The history of the Somnath Temple dates back several millennia. According to legend, the temple was originally built by the Moon God, Soma, in gold. Later, it was reconstructed by Ravana in silver, by Lord Krishna in wood, and by the Maurya king Bhimdev in stone.
The temple has witnessed a turbulent history, being destroyed and rebuilt multiple times. It faced numerous invasions, particularly by Mahmud of Ghazni in the 11th century, who plundered its wealth. Despite these destructions, the resilience of the devotees led to the temple being rebuilt each time, symbolizing the eternal nature of faith.
Architectural Marvel
The current structure of the Somnath Temple was completed in 1951 and is an exemplary model of the Chalukya style of architecture. The temple’s impressive Shikhara (spire) rises to a height of 50 meters, and the Kalash (pot-like structure) atop the spire weighs around 10 tons. The temple is intricately carved with sculptures and designs that reflect the grandeur and craftsmanship of ancient India.
The temple complex includes the main shrine, which houses the Jyotirlinga, a sacred symbol of Lord Shiva. The sanctum sanctorum is adorned with gold and silver ornaments, creating a divine and serene ambiance for devotees.
Spiritual Significance
The Somnath Temple is considered the holiest among the Jyotirlingas. It is believed that Lord Shiva appeared here as a fiery column of light, symbolizing his boundless and infinite nature. Devotees from all over the world visit the temple to seek blessings and participate in the various rituals and ceremonies.
One of the unique aspects of the Somnath Temple is the Baan Stambh (Arrow Pillar) located on the sea-protection wall. An inscription on this pillar states that there is no land mass in a straight line between this point and the South Pole, emphasizing the temple’s ancient and precise geographical knowledge.
Festivals and Rituals
The Somnath Temple is vibrant with various festivals and religious events throughout the year. Maha Shivaratri, the great night of Shiva, is celebrated with immense devotion and grandeur, attracting thousands of pilgrims. Other significant events include Kartik Purnima, Diwali, and Holi, where the temple becomes a hub of religious activities and celebrations.
The temple follows a strict schedule of daily rituals, including the Mangala Aarti (morning prayer), Shringar Aarti (decoration prayer), and the Sandhya Aarti (evening prayer). These rituals create a spiritually charged environment, providing devotees with a profound sense of peace and devotion.
Visiting Somnath
Best Time to Visit: The ideal time to visit Somnath is from October to March when the weather is pleasant. Avoid the monsoon season (June to September) due to heavy rainfall.
Accommodation: There are various accommodation options available near the temple, ranging from budget lodges to luxury hotels. The Somnath Trust also offers clean and affordable guesthouses for pilgrims.
Travel Tips:
- Dress modestly and respectfully while visiting the temple.
- Photography is not allowed inside the temple premises.
- Make use of the facilities provided by the Somnath Trust, such as cloakrooms and clean drinking water.
Nearby Attractions:
- Triveni Sangam: The confluence of three holy rivers – Hiran, Kapila, and Saraswati.
- Bhalka Tirtha: The site where Lord Krishna is said to have been mistakenly shot by a hunter.
- Gita Mandir: A beautiful temple dedicated to Lord Krishna, with the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita inscribed on its walls.
The Somnath Temple stands as a testament to the enduring faith and resilience of devotees. Its rich history, architectural beauty, and spiritual ambiance make it a must-visit destination for anyone seeking a deeper connection with the divine. Visiting Somnath is not just a pilgrimage; it’s a journey into the timeless legacy of devotion and faith in Lord Shiva.